This test measures the ability to analyze and reorganise spatial patterns. In the Gottschaldt Figure Test, a person is asked to identify simple figures that are hidden in large and complex geometric figures. This was also established by MacKinnon’s study of architects (1962), Barron’s study of Air Force pilots (1955), and writers (1963) and Raychaudhari’s study of artists (1965) and musicians (1980). The creative individuals showed preference for complex and asymmetrical figures. Some figures are complex and asymmetrical and others are simple and symmetrical. For each figure, the subject has to answer whether he likes or dislikes it. The test consists of 60 figures, which are shown one after the other to the participants. He found evidence of this by administering the Barron-Welsh Art Scale. Similarly, Pathak (1982) measured the intelligence of 53 famous Hindi writers using Cattell’s Culture Fair Intelligence Test and found that the IQs of writers ranged from 87 to 157 and the average intelligence of this group was 120.Īccording to Barron (1963), creative individuals are inclined towards complexity. On the basis of these results, MacKinnon (1980) states that, “ above a certain required minimum level of measured intelligence, which varies from field to field and in some case can be surprisingly low, being more intelligent does not guarantee a corresponding increase in creativeness.” (p. In Barron’s (1963) study, the writers had an average IQ of 156 and the correlation between IQ and creativity was zero. In MacKinnon’s (1962) study of architects, the average IQ of creative architects was 113 and the correlation between intelligence and creativity was -0.07. In a personality study of 64 eminent scientists, Roe (1953) found that their estimated IQ ranged from 121 to 177, with an average of 163. At the two extremes, there are extremely extroverted individuals and extremely introverted individuals and then, there are individuals who can be anywhere on the continuum.Ĭreative people have been found to have high intelligence in many studies, but very high intelligence is not an essential characteristic. It is also necessary to state here that these bipolar characteristics represent two ends of a continuum. Therefore, in the following paragraphs, in the description of personality traits, in many instances, when one quality is mentioned, an attempt is also made to describe its opposite quality. Here it is important to note that many personality traits are bipolar in nature, i.e., if we find one quality in one person, we can find its opposite quality in another person. Some of these personality traits are presented in the following paragraphs.
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